What is Retinitis Pigmentosa?
Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a group of rare genetic disorders (inherited retinal diseases) caused by genetic mutations that lead to permanent loss of sensory cells in the retina and result in a slow, progressive loss of vision. It usually starts as the loss of night vision/night blindness or peripheral vision and eventually leads to tunnel vision an complete blindness. This disorder typically starts in childhood. People with retinitis pigmentosa tend to be sensitive to light, have issues with color vision, and have trouble seeing in the dark.
There are three types of retinitis pigmentosa: autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa, autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, and X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.
Symptoms of Retinitis Pigmentosa
- Decreased night vision
- Loss of peripheral vision
- Loss of color vision
- Loss of visual acuity
- Vision loss
- Blindness
Who is at Risk for Retinitis Pigmentosa?
Retinitis Pigmentosa is an inherited disorder. In many cases, there are other members of the family with a history of vision loss due to retinitis pigmentosa. Proper genetic testing and counseling are required to further identify the specific gene involved and other family members at risk of the disorder.
How to Evaluate and Treat Retinitis Pigmentosa?
Important evaluation steps in retinitis pigmentosa include proper documentation of central vision and peripheral visual field deficit. An electroretinogram that measures the electrical activity of the photoreceptor cells in the retina is sometimes used to characterize the subtype of the disorder.
Currently, except for 1-2 specific subtypes of retinal dystrophic disorders, there is no cure for retinitis pigmentosa. Regular office evaluations are required to treat complications associated with retinitis pigmentosa, including retinal inflammation, cataracts, etc. In many cases, the patient is referred to a low vision specialist to help withthe best use of available vision for daily activities and what low vision aids can be helpful.
Schedule a Consultation
If you have started to notice a decline in your vision, then come to Boston Vision for an eye exam. We can help to diagnose your vision loss and find a remedial option for you. To schedule your appointment, book online with us to get started.
